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Compare New Zealand (2001) - Macau (2007)

Compare New Zealand (2001) z Macau (2007)

 New Zealand (2001)Macau (2007)
 New ZealandMacau
Administrative divisions 93 counties, 9 districts*, and 3 town districts**; Akaroa, Amuri, Ashburton, Bay of Islands, Bruce, Buller, Chatham Islands, Cheviot, Clifton, Clutha, Cook, Dannevirke, Egmont, Eketahuna, Ellesmere, Eltham, Eyre, Featherston, Franklin, Golden Bay, Great Barrier Island, Grey, Hauraki Plains, Hawera*, Hawke's Bay, Heathcote, Hikurangi**, Hobson, Hokianga, Horowhenua, Hurunui, Hutt, Inangahua, Inglewood, Kaikoura, Kairanga, Kiwitea, Lake, Mackenzie, Malvern, Manaia**, Manawatu, Mangonui, Maniototo, Marlborough, Masterton, Matamata, Mount Herbert, Ohinemuri, Opotiki, Oroua, Otamatea, Otorohanga*, Oxford, Pahiatua, Paparua, Patea, Piako, Pohangina, Raglan, Rangiora*, Rangitikei, Rodney, Rotorua*, Runanga, Saint Kilda, Silverpeaks, Southland, Stewart Island, Stratford, Strathallan, Taranaki, Taumarunui, Taupo, Tauranga, Thames-Coromandel*, Tuapeka, Vincent, Waiapu, Waiheke, Waihemo, Waikato, Waikohu, Waimairi, Waimarino, Waimate, Waimate West, Waimea, Waipa, Waipawa*, Waipukurau*, Wairarapa South, Wairewa, Wairoa, Waitaki, Waitomo*, Waitotara, Wallace, Wanganui, Waverley**, Westland, Whakatane*, Whangarei, Whangaroa, Woodville

note:
there may be a new administrative structure of 16 regions (Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wanganui-Manawatu, Wellington, West Coast) that are subdivided into 57 districts and 16 cities* (Ashburton, Auckland*, Banks Peninsula, Buller, Carterton, Central Hawke's Bay, Central Otago, Christchurch*, Clutha, Dunedin*, Far North, Franklin, Gisborne, Gore, Grey, Hamilton*, Hastings, Hauraki, Horowhenua, Hurunui, Hutt*, Invercargill*, Kaikoura, Kaipara, Kapiti Coast, Kawerau, Mackenzie, Manawatu, Manukau*, Marlborough, Masterton, Matamata Piako, Napier*, Nelson*, New Plymouth, North Shore*, Opotiki, Otorohanga, Palmerston North*, Papakura*, Porirua*, Queenstown Lakes, Rangitikei, Rodney, Rotorua, Ruapehu, Selwyn, Southland, South Taranaki, South Waikato, South Wairarapa, Stratford, Tararua, Tasman, Taupo, Tauranga, Thames Coromandel, Timaru, Upper Hutt*, Waikato, Waimakariri, Waimate, Waipa, Wairoa, Waitakere*, Waitaki, Waitomo, Wanganui, Wellington*, Western Bay of Plenty, Westland, Whakatane, Whangarei)
none (special administrative region of China)
Age structure 0-14 years:
22.36% (male 442,738; female 421,462)

15-64 years:
66.11% (male 1,281,781; female 1,272,674)

65 years and over:
11.53% (male 193,895; female 251,579) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 15.4% (male 36,413/female 33,981)


15-64 years: 76.6% (male 166,797/female 183,088)


65 years and over: 8% (male 15,541/female 21,169) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fish only 2% of land area is cultivated, mainly by vegetable growers; fishing, mostly for crustaceans, is important; some of the catch is exported to Hong Kong
Airports 111 (2000 est.) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
44

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
28

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
67

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
24

under 914 m:
42 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
268,680 sq km

land:
268,670 sq km

water:
10 sq km

note:
includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
total: 28.2 sq km


land: 28.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about the size of Colorado less than one-sixth the size of Washington, DC
Background The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both World Wars. New Zealand withdrew from a number of defense alliances during the 1970s and 1980s. In recent years the government has sought to address longstanding native Maori grievances. Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau, and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years.
Birth rate 14.28 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.57 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$19.2 billion

expenditures:
$19.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $3.16 billion


expenditures: $3.16 billion (FY05/06)
Capital Wellington -
Climate temperate with sharp regional contrasts subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers
Coastline 15,134 km 41 km
Constitution consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter Basic Law, approved on 31 March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
New Zealand

abbreviation:
NZ
conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region


conventional short form: Macau


local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese)


local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
Currency New Zealand dollar (NZD) -
Death rate 7.56 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.59 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $30.8 billion (2000 est.) $3.1 billion (2004)
Dependency status - special administrative region of China
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Carol MOSELEY-BRAUN

embassy:
29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington

mailing address:
P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, FPO AP 96531-1001

telephone:
[64] (4) 472-2068

FAX:
[64] (4) 478-1701

consulate(s) general:
Auckland
the US has no offices in Macau; US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador James Brendan BOLGER

chancery:
37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 328-4800

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-5227

consulate(s) general:
Los Angeles, New York
none (special administrative region of China)
Disputes - international territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency) none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $123 million (1995) -
Economic aid - recipient - $NA (2004)
Economy - overview Since 1984 the government has accomplished major economic restructuring, moving an agrarian economy dependent on concessionary British market access toward a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes, broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, and contained inflationary pressures. Inflation remains among the lowest in the industrial world. Per capita GDP has been moving up toward the levels of the big West European economies. New Zealand's heavy dependence on trade leaves its growth prospects vulnerable to economic performance in Asia, Europe, and the US. With the FY00/01 budget pushing up pension and other public outlays, the government's ability to meet fiscal targets will depend on sustained economic growth. Macau's well-to-do economy has remained one of the most open in the world since its reversion to China in 1999. Apparel exports and tourism are mainstays of the economy. Although the territory was hit hard by the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis and the global downturn in 2001, its economy grew 10.1% in 2002, 14.2% in 2003, and 28.6% in 2004 before slowing to 6.7% in 2005. The economic boom was powered by gambling, tourism, and the construction necessary to support such endeavors. China's decision to ease travel restrictions led to a rapid rise in the number of mainland visitors. The opening of Macau's gaming industry to foreign access in 2001 spurred an increase in public works expenditures. The budget also returned to surplus in 2002 because of the surge in visitors from China and a hike in taxes on gambling profits, which generated about 70% of government revenue. Much of Macau's textile industry may move to the mainland due to the termination in 2005 of the Multi-Fiber Agreement, which provided a near guarantee of export markets, leaving the territory more dependent on gambling and trade-related services to generate growth. The Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between Macau and mainland China that came into effect on 1 January 2004 offers many Macau-made products tariff-free access to the mainland. The range of products covered by CEPA was expanded on 1 January 2005.
Electricity - consumption 35.295 billion kWh (1999) 2.16 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 341 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 37.952 billion kWh (1999) 1.947 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
30.49%

hydro:
61.42%

nuclear:
0%

other:
8.09% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Cook 3,764 m
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Antarctic Seals, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
party to: Marine Dumping (associate member), Ship Pollution (associate member)
Ethnic groups New Zealand European 74.5%, Maori 9.7%, other European 4.6%, Pacific Islander 3.8%, Asian and others 7.4% Chinese 95.7%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry) 1%, other 3.3% (2001 census)
Exchange rates New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997), 1.4543 (1996) patacas per US dollar - 8.0015 (2006), 8.011 (2005), 8.022 (2004), 8.021 (2003), 8.033 (2002)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001)

head of government:
Prime Minister Helen CLARK (since 10 December 1999) and Deputy Prime Minister Jim ANDERTON (since 10 December 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general for a three-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
chief of state: President of China HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003)


head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of one government secretary, three legislators, four businessmen, one pro-Beijing unionist, and one pro-Beijing educator


elections: chief executive chosen by a 300-member Election Committee for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 29 August 2004 (next to be held in 2009)


election results: Edmund HO Hau-wah reelected received 296 votes; three members submitted blank ballots; one member was absent
Exports $14.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 21 bbl/day (2005)
Exports - commodities dairy products, meat, fish, wool, forestry products, manufactures clothing, textiles, footwear, toys, electronics, machinery and parts
Exports - partners Australia 22%, US 14%, Japan 13%, UK 7% (1999) US 44.1%, China 14.8%, Hong Kong 11.3%, Germany 7.3%, UK 4.1% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller
GDP purchasing power parity - $67.6 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
8%

industry:
23%

services:
69% (1999)
agriculture: 0.1%


industry: 7.2%


services: 92.7% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,700 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3.6% (2000 est.) 6.7% (2005)
Geographic coordinates 41 00 S, 174 00 E 22 10 N, 113 33 E
Geography - note about 80% of the population lives in cities; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world essentially urban; an area of land reclaimed from the sea measuring 5.2 sq km and known as Cotai now connects the islands of Coloane and Taipa; the island area is connected to the mainland peninsula by three bridges
Heliports - 1 (2007)
Highways total:
92,200 km

paved:
53,568 km (including at least 144 km of expressways)

unpaved:
38,632 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
0.3%

highest 10%:
29.8% (1991 est.)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for drugs going into mainland China; consumer of opiates and amphetamines
Imports $14.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 12,840 bbl/day (2005)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, consumer goods, plastics raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, consumer goods (foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco), capital goods, mineral fuels and oils
Imports - partners Australia 24%, US 17%, Japan 12%, UK 4% (1999) China 45.2%, Hong Kong 10.2%, Japan 8.4%, US 5.5%, Singapore 4.1%, France 4% (2006)
Independence 26 September 1907 (from UK) none (special administrative region of China)
Industrial production growth rate 6.2% (2000) NA%
Industries food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys
Infant mortality rate 6.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 4.33 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.51 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.4% (2000 est.) 4.4% (2005)
International organization participation ABEDA, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, C, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO IHO, IMF, IMO (associate), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), UNWTO (associate), UPU, WCO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 36 (2000) -
Irrigated land 2,850 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch High Court; Court of Appeal Court of Final Appeal in Macau Special Administrative Region
Labor force 1.88 million (2000) 248,000 (2005)
Labor force - by occupation services 65%, industry 25%, agriculture 10% (1995) manufacturing 13.7%, construction 10.5%, transport and communications 5.9%, wholesale and retail trade 14.6%, restaurants and hotels 10.3%, gambling 17.9%, public sector 7.8%, other services and agriculture 19.3% (2005 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 0.34 km


regional border: China 0.34 km
Land use arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
5%

permanent pastures:
50%

forests and woodland:
28%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
Languages English (official), Maori Cantonese 87.9%, Hokkien 4.4%, Mandarin 1.6%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 3% (2001 census)
Legal system based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for Maoris; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on Portuguese civil law system
Legislative branch unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats; members elected by popular vote in single-member constituencies to serve three-year terms)

elections:
last held 27 November 1999 (next must be called by November 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NZLP 49, NP 39, Alliance 10, ACT New Zealand 9, Green Party 7, NZFP 5, UNZ 1

note:
NZLP and Alliance formed the government coalition; the National Party became the opposition party
unicameral Legislative Assembly (29 seats; 12 members elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and 7 appointed by the chief executive; to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 25 September 2005 (next in September 2009)


election results: percent of vote - New Democratic Macau Association 18.8%, Macau United Citizens' Association 16.6%, Union for Development 13.3%, Union for Promoting Progress 9.6%, Macau Development Alliance 9.3%, others 32.4%; seats by political group - New Democratic Macau Association 2, Macau United Citizens' Association 2, Union for Development 2, Union for Promoting Progress 2, Macau Development Alliance 1, others 3; 10 seats filled by professional and business groups; seven members appointed by chief executive
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.99 years

male:
75.01 years

female:
81.1 years (2001 est.)
total population: 82.27 years


male: 79.44 years


female: 85.25 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99% (1980 est.)

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91.3%


male: 95.3%


female: 87.8% (2001 census)
Location Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China
Map references Oceania Southeast Asia
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
not specified
Merchant marine total:
9 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 72,389 GRT/109,018 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 3, cargo 1, container 1, petroleum tanker 2, railcar carrier 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of China
Military branches New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure $883 million (FY97/98) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.1% (FY97/98) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,000,102 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
841,915 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
26,480 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day
Nationality noun:
New Zealander(s)

adjective:
New Zealand
noun: Chinese


adjective: Chinese
Natural hazards earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity typhoons
Natural resources natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone NEGL
Net migration rate 4.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines petroleum products 160 km; natural gas 1,000 km; liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 150 km -
Political parties and leaders ACT, New Zealand [Richard PREBBLE]; Alliance (a coalition of the New Labor Party, Democratic Party, New Zealand Liberal Party, and Mana Motuhake) [Jim ANDERTON]; Green Party [Jeanette FITZSIMONS and Rod DONALD]; National Party or NP [Jenny SHIPLEY]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Helen CLARK]; United New Zealand or UNZ [Peter DUNNE] Civil Service Union [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO]; Development Union [KWAN Tsui-hang]; Macau Development Alliance [Angela LEONG On-kei]; Macau United Citizens' Association [CHAN Meng-kam]; New Democratic Macau Association [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong]; United Forces
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 3,864,129 (July 2001 est.) 456,989 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.14% (2001 est.) 0.841% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington -
Radio broadcast stations AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 3.75 million (1997) -
Railways total:
3,913 km

narrow gauge:
3,913 km 1.067-m gauge (519 km electrified) (1999)
-
Religions Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986) Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.77 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.072 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.911 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.734 male(s)/female


total population: 0.918 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies
Telephone system general assessment:
excellent domestic and international systems

domestic:
NA

international:
submarine cables to Australia and Fiji; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 853; HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 1.84 million (1997) 176,700 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 588,000 (1998) 636,300 (2006)
Television broadcast stations 41 (plus 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997) 1 (2006)
Terrain predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains generally flat
Total fertility rate 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.03 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 6.3% (2000 est.) 4.1% (2005)
Waterways 1,609 km

note:
of little importance in satisfying total transportation requirements
-
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